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Hernia is defined as protrusion of abdominal organs through a defect or weakness in the abdominal wall. Organs that commonly protrude include intestines, omental fat, abdominal wall fat, urinary bladder.
Depending on the location of the defect, hernia is classified in to
1 Inguinal – These are the most common type of hernia. They occur due to a weakness in lower abdominal wall muscles or through a defect in abdominal wall near the groin area. These are more commonly found in males because testicles pass through the inguinal canal from abdomen to the scrotum. This passage may at times remain patent and lead to inguinal hernia.
2 Umbilical – These hernia occur at the site of umbilicus (belly button).
3 Epigastric – These hernia may occur anywhere between the belly button and sternal bone in the front of the abdomen wall
4 Incisional – These hernia occur at a site of prior abdominal operation. In patients who have undergone a prior surgery due to any reason like Caesarean section, past laparotomy, gallbladder operation etc. have a weakness at the scar site. Through this weakened abdominal wall musculature, abdominal content may protrude out resulting in a hernia.
Most commonly these patients present with swelling at the site of hernia. The characteristic of these swelling is that either it completely disappears or reduces in size on lying down. And it increases in size on standing, coughing, or exercising. These swelling are associated with pain off and on. If left untreated they increase in size as well as severity of pain increases.
If left untreated several dreadful complications may arise. As we discussed earlier these hernia may contain intestines or fat. If intestines get in to the hernia defect and doesn’t reduce, they may get obstructed leading to severe pain in abdomen, vomiting, inability to pass stool and flatus. This is a surgical emergency which should be treated as soon as possible.If left untreated at this state, intestinal blood supply may get hampered and may lead to gangrene of intestines. Which again is a surgical emergency with very high mortality.
Risk factors for development of Hernia
1 Chronic cough
2 Chronic constipation
3 Smoking
4 Chronic urinary problems
5 Obesity
6 Pregnancy
7 Past abdominal surgery
8 Aging
Advance treatment for Hernia | Best Hernia Surgeon in Bareilly
As we have discussed, that hernia occurs either through a defect or weakness in abdominal wall, there is no role of medical management in these patients. The basic principle of surgery is to reduce the content, close the defect and augment the strength of closure with mesh. This is possible both by open surgery as well as laparoscopic surgery.
Laparoscopic surgery offers the advantage of small incisions, better cosmesis, faster recover due to less pain, larger mesh coverage and repair from inside the abdomen. This can be better understood by an example of a puncture in tube. This puncture can be repaired using a patch either outside or if technology permits, from inside. Which repair do you think will be better? Obviously from inside, because the pressure from the tube will help in augmenting the repair.
Same is true for laparoscopic hernia repairs.
Complications of hernia surgery
With advancements in the medical field and surgical techniques, these surgeries are now very safe with complications occurring in only a very small number of patients.
Precautions after hernia surgery
Usually after laparoscopic surgery, one can be discharged the next day. Patients are encouraged to move around and do the daily chores themselves. However, they are advised not to do strenuous exercises, avoid heavy weight lifting, avoid constipation. Post operatively patients are advised to follow up after 7 days of discharge and than again after 14 days.
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B-22/8, Sheel Hospital Road, near Malhotra Tailors, Rajendra Nagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122
drprakhargupta2018@gmail
+91 9817043790
Do you have any questions? Please do not hesitate to contact us directly. Our team will come back to you within a matter of hours to help you.
Dr. Prakhar Gupta
Renowned Gastrointestinal, Bariatric & Laparoscopic Surgeon. MS (Gen Surgery) from AMU, Aligarh. Trained in Advanced Laparoscopy at Gem Hospital, Coimbatore under Dr C. Palanivelu.
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